A torque converter primarily consists of three basic hydraulic components: a pump impeller, a turbine, and a stator. The pump impeller is connected to the torque converter housing and the engine flywheel; the turbine is connected to the transmission input shaft via a spline; and the stator is located between the pump impeller and the turbine, typically mounted on the housing guide shaft via a one-way clutch. Furthermore, modern torque converters usually include a lock-up clutch assembly and a rear cover to achieve the lock-up function.
The ZF-developed WSK (or Torque) system is a modular design that integrates a fully oiled torque converter, a torque converter lock-up clutch module, and a rear dry clutch. It is commonly used in its TraXon series AMT transmissions.
